Hydrocarbon-burner.



M. ROGKSTED.

HYDROGARBON BURNER.

APPLIGATION FILED JULY 7, 191s.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

THE NURRIS PETERS CO.. PHUTOvLITHO.. WASHlNGmNI D. C.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

2 SHEETS--SHEET Z.

THE NORRIS PETERS C0..PHO1`OLITHO., WASHING roN. 2. L

UNIFIED FNAIM@ FAIFI UFFIFF.

MARTIN ROCKSTED, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO TI-IE IMPERIAL BRASSMANU* FACTURING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO,

ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

rieaaee.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915..

To all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, MARTIN RocKs'rED, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the countyof Cook` and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Hydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a full,clear and exact speciiication.

My invention is concerned with hydrocarbon burners designed to generategas from hydrocarbon oils, and more especially from kerosene, to beburned in an incandescent mantle for lighting purposes, and embodiescertain novel combinations and features of construction to behereinafter pointed out, by which I am enabled to vaporize kerosene soperfectly that the burner will operate for a long period of time with noother attention than supplying the oil thereto under pressure.

To illustrate my invention, I annex hereto two sheets of drawings, inwhich the same reference characters are used to designate identicalparts in all the figures, of which,-

Figure 1 is a vertical section through a lamp embodying my invention, insection on the line A-A of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a vertical section on theline B-B of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the Bunsen tube;Fig. 4 is a detail in vertical section on the line C-C of Fig. 1; Fig. 5is an enlarged view of a portion of the Bunsen tube and the burner head,as seen in Fig. 1, but on an .i

enlarged scale; Fig. 6 is a similar view of the needle valve controllingthe admission of the vapor to the Bunsen tube; and Fig. 7 is a detail insection on the line D-D of Fig. 2. y

The kerosene to-be vaporized is contained in a tank or font `10, whichmay be of any desired design, and is preferably constructed so as tofurnish a substantial base for the complete lamp. In the upper portionthereof is secured a block 11, into which is threaded a tube 12extending down. substan.

tially to the bottom 13 of the tank and covering the stud 14 passed upthrough the bottom of the tank. A horizontal `passage 15 through thestud, opening into a`` vertical passage 16, permits the oil to risethrough the tube 12. The oil is preferably kept under a considerablepressure, whichwill be necessary when the burner iS above the tank, as

indicated, and this pressure may be conveniently furnished by an airvalve 17, like the ordinary inflating valve of a bicycle, which air`valve is set in a screw-cap 18, which is threaded into the fillingaperture 19 and, of course, will be provided with the customary packingring 20 to make the closure airtight.

Threaded into the upper end of the block 11, so as to form a continuouspassage with the tube 12, is a tube 21 of considerably larger diameter,which tube I preferably fill withsome flocculent filtering material,such as the cotton 22 illustrated. As the kerosene ascen'ds through thiscotton, any impurities therein are stopped and cannot reach thegenerator. Threaded onto the upper end of the tube 21 is a valve casing23 forthe stop cock 24, which preferably takes the form of a needlevalve 25 threaded through a. short tube 26, which is screwed into theside of the valve casing 23. The valve casing has a vertical passage 27extending up to the center thereof, and the short horizontal passage 28leading therefrom is adapted to be closed by the end of the needle valve25. Apassage 29 leads from the tube 26 through the valve casing to atubular supporting-arm 30, which is preferably l.- shaped in its generaloutline, and is threaded into one side of the valve casing 23. On theopposite side is a symmetrical arm 31, which might be solid, but whichis shown as tubular, the two arms together serving as a support for thevapor-generating, burningI and mantle-supporting apparatus.

The upper end of the tubular arm 30 has threaded thereon a connection32, which has a vertical passage 33 therein adapted to cooperate with anL-shaped passage 34 in the member 35, which has a reduced portion terminating in a threaded end passed through a horizontal aperture in theconnection 32.

A cap 36 is screwed onto said threaded end, and the parts coperate toform a vreadily adjusted joint, in the manner shown thevapor-discharging valve in proper position so that the nozzle or tip 38will dis-` charge a stream of vapor into the Bunsen tube, the upperportion of which is parallel to the body of the generator tube 37.

The generator tube 37 is provided with a wire gauze screen 39 therein tocatch particles of solid carbon which might tend to be deposited in thegenerator tube, and to prevent them from reaching the nozzle 38. Thisgauze screen 39 is preferably formed of a. sheet of comparatively coarsegauze extending substantially the entire length of thehorizontalfportion of the tube, and a much narrower sheet of relativelytine gauze, which two sheets are laid together 'and rolled up to Aform atube having .two thicknesses of the coarse gauze at one end twothicknesses of the line at the other end, with the two layers of gauzeoverlapping to form a connecting portion of four thicknesses. rlheportion of the thin gauze havingtwo thicknesses is expanded, after thetube is rolled up, until its externaldiameter is substantially theinternal diameter of the tube 37, so that the gauze lits therein snugly,as seen in Fig. 6. The end of the thin gauze is then folded over toforni a closed end for the gauze-screen tube, so asto intercept thebefore mentioned particles of solid carbon.

The upturned end of the generator tube 37 has screwed therein avalve-casing 40, which has `a vertical passage 41 leading therethrough,the upperjend, however, being closed by a screw 42. A horizontal passagetherethrough accommodates the y ss rod l43 constituting the body of theneedle valve, which portion terminates in airconical end 44 adapted tocoperate with a conical seat 45 on vlthe interior of the nozzle 38,which nozzle or tip is screwed into the valve-casing 40, as will bereadily seen. The line aperture 46 inthe nozzle is kept open by means ofthe steel needle 47, which `willbel seen to be tapered throughout itslength rand to be secured in the end of the brass rod 43`by indentations48 formed in said rod and serving to press a portion of the materialthereof into engagement with :said steel needle tip. The construction ofthe needle'vtip here shown is adapted t0 ac commoda'te itself readily tothe aperture 46 `to always keep the same clean and open.

The valvev stem 49 has attached thereto the customary arm 50, said armbeing secured by ra set screw 5l, and provided with depending chains v52by which the valve stein 49 niay Vbe swung through an are of sayninety'-degrees to open and close the valve. This short rotation givento the valve stem .necessitates unusual means for opening the valve, andfor this purpose l. provide in the arrn'53 of thefvalve casing 40 theinternal Quick thread 54, with which coperates the quick-thread xscrew55 secured on the rod 53. VThe packing gland 56 is screwed onto theexternally threaded end of the arm 53, and the packing 57 is placed .inthe gland. To keep the packing out of the screw threads and to limit theoutward movement of the screw when the valve is opened, l provide thedisk 5S through which the valve stem 49 passes, and which is seatedagainst a shoulder 60 formed in the outer end of the arm Vapor passingfrom the nozzle 3S is discharged into the mixing end of the Bunsen tube,which is shown as conveniently formed of three pieces, a casting 6l, ashort tube 62 having one end threaded into the casting 61 and the otherend threaded into the generally Ushaped extension 63, which is bestshown in Fig. 3. The casting 6l has acentral cylindrical portion havinga passage therethrough for the vapor into the tube 62, while, extendingdownwardly from either side of this central cylindrical portion, is atubular extension 64, the two extensions and the central portion forminga tube of substantially inverted Ushape. The tubes 64 supply theai r forthe mixture, which air ascends through the tubes and is carried by thejet ofgas into the tube 62 and the interior of the casting 63. Thebottom of the casting 63 is provided with a boss 65, into which isthreaded the burner -head 66, which preferably has an annular groove 67therein by which the rag mantle 68, indicated in dotted lines in Fig. l,is tied in place on the burner -head. l preferably close the burner-headwith a thin disk GS of German silver, or some similar metal refractoryto heat, in which apertures 69 may be readily punched. The thin disk 68does not furnish sutlicient body to properly stand the heat of the jetsof gas which are ignited as thev emerge from the apertures 69, andconsequently I back the disk G8 up by a much thicker disk 70, which maybe of brass, like the head 66, and in which apertures 71 are drilled inregister with the apertures 69. The disks are held in place in anydesired manner, as by being held against the annular shoulder 72 on theinterior of the burner by the turned over flange 78 formed on the bottomthereof.

It will be noted that the lower ends of the air-supplying tubes 64extend below the plane of the bottom of the burner head, and this is anessential feature, as if the ends of these tubes 64 terminatedmaterially above the burner head, or even on substantially the samelevel, the tendency would be for the gas, when the supply is shut off,to escape from the ends of the tubes 64 unconsumed. llVith the burnerhead terminating above the ends of the tubes 64, the tendency is for theair to be drawn through the tubes G4, so that the gas which remains inthe mechanism after the valve 43 is closed is all consuined at thelburner head, and there is no 4end of the portion 76.

'Lacasse escape of the ill-smelling unconsumed vapor into the rear whenthe valve is closed. I

preferably form between the arms 64 the plate-like connection 73, whichis con veniently adapted to have an igniting torch, such as is shown inmy application No. 777,707 filed July 7, 1913, placed thereon. To keepthe flame of thetorch on the generator tube 37, I preferably form on theouter edges of the tubes 64, vertical flanges 7 4, which are so locatedas to direct the flame of the torch onto the generator tube 37.

The casting 63 has an arm 75 provided with a reduced portion 76 adaptedto enter an aperture 77 in the upper end of the connection 32, and tohold the casting in place, I pass a screw 78 through vva small aperturein the connection 32 opening into the aperture 77, and thread said screw78 into the Y A set screw 79 threaded through the top of the connectionand engaging the end 76 of the casting 63 also serves to assist insecuring the casting 63 in place. rThe flange 73 is provided with anoutwardly extending lug 80 on its under side, through which a screw 81is passed and threaded into the upper end of the pipe or rod 31, thussupporting the other end of the burner, both ends being thus supportedby the U-shaped yoke formed by the two arms 30 and 31. Into the lug 82formed on the upper end of the casting 63, I screw a short rod 83, andthe upper end of said rod is screwed into a spider 84, the annularperiphery of which is suitably shaped to receive and support the top ofa shade 85, which is adapted to cover and protect the lamp, while at thesame time having an ornamental effect thereon. It will be understood, ofcourse, that the casting 63 has a channel therethrough for the mixtureof air and vapor to pass in reaching the burner head 66, and theU-shaped portion 86 of said casting is deflected to one side, as itwere, so that the generator tube 37 may pass the same and lie in aposition directly between the two horizontal parallel portions of saidcasting. In the extreme outer end of the lower horizontal portion or arm86 of the casting 63, I screw the superheater burner 87, which will beseen to consist of a neck portion vand a cupped head, in the upperportion of which is set a perforated disk 88, preferably constructed ofGerman silver or some other flame-resisting metal. 'Ihe flange 89 on thehead of the burner surrounding this disk is preferably extended up abovethe disk a little distance, as shown, in order to protect the flame frombeing blown out by a draft across the burner. I have found by experiencethat a comparatively small flange 89 will effect this result, whereasthe entire omission of such a flange leaves a structure in which theflange is very readily blown out. I have also found that a spreader isessential in this superheater burner, as otherwise the flame tends to beblown. by the superheater burner, with the head of the screw directlybeneath the perforated disk 88. With this construction, the flow ofthegas is interrupted so that it will rise uniformly through all theapertures and make the flame spread over the desired area, so as toprevent undue burning of the generator tube 37, To assist in confiningthe flame from this superheater burner to the generating tube 37, Ipreferably employ a metallic shield 91, which is U-shaped in its generalcross-section and which is supported beneath the tube 62 by a ring 92secured on the tube 62 by a set screw 93, the shield 91 being secured tothe bottom of the ring 92 by a. set screw 91 passed through the shieldand into the ring. The general shape of the shield is shown `in Fig. 1,where half of the shield is seen, and the other symmetrical half is, ofcourse, of the same shape.

While I have shown and described my invention as embodied in the formwhich I at present consider best adapted to carry out its purposes, itwill be understood that itis capable of modifications, and that I do notdesire to be limited in the interpretation of the following claimsexcept as may be necessitated by the state of the prior art. What Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is: 1. In a device of the class described, a burner head havinga thin perforated plate of German silver forming the gauze, and acorrespondingly perforated thicker disk of brass forming a backing forthe gauze.

2.111 :i device of the class described, the combination with a tank, ofa pair of widely separated arms forming a U-shaped support above thetank, one of said arms being hollow and operatively connected with thetank, and vapor generating and lmrning'L and mantle-supporting apparatusextending transversely of and supported at the upper ends of said armsandoperatively connected with the tubular one, said vapor generating andburning and mantle-supporting apparatus including a sub-llame burnercoperating with the vapor-generating apparatus to heat the same to thevapor-generating point, and said apparatus being detachable from saidarms without disassembling the rest of the device.

3. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank, of apair of arms forming a U-shaped support above the tank, one of said armsbeing hollow and opera- ISO tively connected with the tank, and vaporgenerating and burning and mantle-supporting apparatus supported at theupper ends of said arms and operatively connected with the tubular one,said apparatus coinprising a horizontal generator-tube connected at oneend to the hollow arm and at the other end provided with a tip, a Bunsentube having a portion thereof parallel to the generator and above thesaine, with another portion below the same, and a third U-shaped portionconnecting the two aforesaid portions, lsaid tip discharging into theupper portion of the Bunsen tube, and a burner-head extending down fromthe lower portion between lthe arms.

Y i.. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank,of a pair of arms forming a U-shaped support above the tank, one lofsaid arms being hollow and operatively connected with the tank, andvapor generating and burning and mantle-supporting apparatus supportedat the upper ends of said arms and operatively connected with thetubular one, said apparatus comprising a horizontal generator-tubeconnectedv at one end to the hollow arm and atthe other end providedwith a tip, a Bunsen tube having a portion thereof parallel to thegenerator and above the same, with another portion below the saine, anda third U-shaped portion connecting the two aforesaid portions, said tipdischarging into the upper portion of the Bunsen tube, a burnerheadextending down from the lower portion between the arms, and asuperheater connected with the lower portion of the ABunsen tube todirect a flame on the generator.

5. In al device of the class described, the combination with a generatortube, of a `wire gauze screen therein to receive carbon depositsthereon, said screen consisting of a roll of coarse gauze having a rollof finer gauze forming a tip therefor toward the discharge end.

6. In a device of the class described, the combination with a generatortube, of a wire gauze' screen therein to receive carbon depositsthereon, said screen consisting of a roll of coarse gauze having a rollof liner gauze forming a tip therefor toward the discharge end, saidfiner gauze being rolled into the coarser gauze, then expanded to lillthe tube, and finally having its ends folded over to close the same.

7. In a device of the 'class described, the combination with agenerator-tube having a nozzle adapted to discharge a stream of Vaporlparallel thereto, of a Bunsen tube having a portion thereof on one sideof the generator-tube and parallel thereto and anotheiportion on theother side thereof, a U-shaped portion connecting the two portions andpassing ,aroundy the generator-- tube, and a burner-head connected tothe portion of the Bunsen tube farthest from the nozzle and extendingradially from the axis thereof.

8. In a device of the class described, the combination with agenerator-tube having a nozzle adapted to discharge a stream of vaporparallel thereto, of a Bunsen tube having a portion thereof on one sideof the generator-tube and parallel thereto, another portion on the otherside thereof, and a l-shaped portion connecting the two portions andpassing around the generatortube, a lnirner-head connected to the Bunsentube and extending away from the generator, and a superheater-lnirnerconnected thereto near the burner-head and directing its flame upon thegenerator-tube.

9. The combination with a horizontal generator-tube having a nozzleadapted to discharge a stream of vapor parallel thereto and above thesaine, of a Bonson tube hav` ing a portion thereof above thegeneratortube and parallel thereto, into which the nozzle discharges,another portion on the under side of the generator-tube, and a U- shapedportion connecting the two portions and passing around thegenerator-tube, a brrner-head connected to the lower portion of theBunsen tube and extending downward therefrom. and a super-heater burnerconnected to the end of said lower portion and directing its flameupward upon the generator-tube.

10. The combination with a generally U-shaped Bunsen tube, of agenerator-tullio extending between the sides of the U, a burner-headconnected to and projecting away from the U, and a superheate adjacentthe burner-head and directing its flame onto the generator-tube andentirely away from the burner-head.

1l. In a device of the class described, the combination with agenerator, of a Bunsen tube into which the generator discharges, aburner-head directed away from the generator, and a superhe:iter-burnerdirected toward the generator, and having a spreader therein'acting onthe gas only and not in contact with the flame, for the purposedcscribed.

12. In a device of the class described, the combination with agenerator, of a Bunsen tube into which the generator discharges, aburner-head directed away from the generator, and a superheater-lnirnerhaving a perfoi-ated plate directed toward the generator, and having alspreader therein, for the purpose described, consisting of a screwthreaded into the center of the burner just beneath its perforatedplate.

13. In a. device of the class described, the combination with a singlegenerator, of a single Bunsen tube into which the generator discharges,a burner-head connected to the .llil

Bunsen tube directed away from the generator, and a superheater burnerhaving a perforated plate likewise connected to the Bunsen tube anddirected toward the generator, said superheater burner having a flangeextending slightly above the perforated plate to prevent the flame beingaccidentally extinguished, for the purpose described.

14. In a device of the class described, the combination with a U-shapedBunsen tube, oi' a generator-tube lying between the arms thereoil and`having its nozzle discharging into one arm thereof, a burner-headconnected to the Ilunsen tube directed away from the generator, asuperheater -burner connected to the Bunsen tube and directed toward thegenerator-tube, and a hood between the generator and other arm of theBunsen tube directing the llame from the superheater-burner on thegenerator-tube.

15. In a device of the class described, the combination with agenerator, of a Bunsen tube connected therewith, a burner-head extendingdownwardly therefrom, and a pair of air-supplying tubes for the Bunsentube extending below the level of the burnerhead, said pair of tubesbeing provided with vertical flanges to hold the torch-flame on thegenerator tube which passes between the air-supplying tubes.

1G. In a device of the class described, the combination with agenerator, of a Bunsen tube connected therewith, a burner-head extendingdownwardly therefrom, a pair or air-supplying tubes for the Bunsen tubeextending belowthe level of the burner-head, and a flat connectingflange between. the airsupplying tubes, for the purpose described.

17. In a device of the class described, the combination with agenerator, of a Bunsen tube connected therewith, a burner-head extendingdownwardly therefrom, a pair of air-supplying tubes for the Bunsen tubeextending below the level of the burner-head, a flat connecting flangebetween the air-supplying tubes, for the purpose described, and verticalflanges on the air-supplying tubes to hold the flame of the torchresting on the flange on the generator-tube which passes between theair-supplying tubes.

18. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank, ofa pair of arms extending above the same, one of said arms being tubularand connected with the tank to supply oil to the burner, a Bunsen tubeextending transversely across the top of the two arms and supportedthereby, and a generator-tube also supported above and by said pair ofarms and .operatively connected with the tubular arm and dischargingthrough a nozzle into the Bunsen tube, said generator tube beingremovable without disassembling the remainder of the structure.

19. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank, ofa pair of arms extending above the same, one of said arms being tubularand connected with the tank to supply oil to the burner, a generallyU-shaped Bunsen tube extending transversely across `the tops of the twoarms and supported thereby, and a generator-tube between the two arms ofthe Bunsen tube and having one end curved up to discharge the vapor intothe upper arm of the Bunsen tube, the other end oit' the generator-tubebeing supported by` and operatively connected to the tubular arm.

20. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank, ofa pair of arms extending above the same, one of said arms being tubularand connected with the tank to supply oilto the burner, a generally U-shaped Bunsen tube extending transversely across the tops of the twoarms and supported thereby, a generator-tube between the two arms of theBunsen tube and having one end curved up to discharge the vapor into theupper arm or' the Bunsen tube, the other end of the generator-tube beingsupported by and operatively connected to the tubular arm, va downwardlydirected burner'- head extending from the arm oi" the Bunsen tube, and asuperheater burner extending from the lower end of said lower arm anddirecting its flame on the generator-tube.

21. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank, ofa pair of arms extending above the same, one of said arms being tubularand connected with the tank v to supply oil to the burner, a generallyU- shaped Bunsen tube extending transversely across the tops of the twoarms and supported thereby, a generator-tube between the two arms of theBunsen tube and having one end curved up to discharge the vapor into theupper arm of the Bunsen tube, the other end of the generator-tube beingsupported by and operatively connected to the tubular arm, a downwardlydirected burnerhead extending from the lower arm of the Bunsen tube, asuperheater-burner extending from the end ol said lower arm anddirecting 'its flame on the generator-tube, and an air-supplying tubeconnected to the Bunsen tube and extending' down below the burnerheadand connected to one of the supporting arms.

22. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank, ofa pair of arms extending above the same, one of said arms being tubularand connected with the tank to supply oil to the burner, a generally U-shaped Bunsen tube extending transversely across the tops of the twoarms and supported thereby, a generator-tube between the two arms of theBunsen tube and having `one end curved up to discharge the vapor tubulararm, a downwardly directed burner head extending from the lower arm ofthe Bunsen tube, a superheater-burner extending from the end of saidlower arm and directing its flame on the generator-tube, a pair ofair-supplying tubes for the Bunsen tube extending down below theburner-head and connected to one of the supporting arms, and ahorizontal flangel between said tubes, said flange constituting themeans of connection of the air-supplying tube to the supporting arm.

23. 1n a device of the class described, the combination with a tank, ofa pair of arms extending above the same, one of' said arms being tubularand connected with the tank to supply oil to the burner, a generally U-shaped Bunsen tube extending transversely across the tops of the twoarms and supported nthereby, a generator-tube between the two arms ofthe Bunsen tube and having one end curved up to discharge the 'vaporinto the` upper arm of the Bunsen tube, the

opies of this p'atent 'may be obtained ffor vc cents each, by addressingthe other end of the generator-tube being supported by and operativelyconnected to the tubular arm, a downwardly directed burnerhead extendingfrom the lower arm of the Bunsen tube, a superheater-burner extendingfrom the end of said lower arm and directing its fla-me on thegenerator-tube, a pair of Commissioner of Patent Washington, n. c.

